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IHS Mission & Goals:
Groom Skills,
Gather Evidence and
Generate Knowledge for people's health.

To Improve the Efficacy,
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of Health Systems.

 

Findings of Latest Projects

 

Preliminary Findings of Andhra Pradesh Health Systems Responsiveness Study-2001
 
Nutritional status of adults: analysis of anthropometric data

Percent distribution of nutritional status of adults by BMI classification
 

Females Males
Body Mass Index (BMI)1 APHSR 2 NNMB3 APHSR 2 NNMB3
III Degree CED (< 16.0)

8.1

14.6

5.7

10.2

II Degree CED (16 - 17)

7.3

15.5

6.2

13.8

I Degree CED (17- 18.5)

16.2

26.8

15.9

28.4

Low Normal (18.5 - 20)

17.6

19.5

18.3

20.9

Normal (20 - 25)

35.8

20

39.1

23.7

I Degree Obesity (25 - 30)

11.3

3.3

12.1

2.9

II Degree Obesity ( > 30)

3.7

0.3

2.9

0.1

1 BMI by James Classification

2 Andhra Pradesh Health Systems Responsiveness Study 2000

3 NNMB Repeat Survey 1996-97

 

Table shows that 35.8% and 20% females fall under normal range of nutritional status in APHSR and NNMB surveys respectively. The three degrees of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) are pooled to 56.9% in NNMB survey and is around 31.6% in APHSR. The obesity levels in APHSR are around four times that of NNMB, as it is 15% and 3.6% Respectively. 39.1% and 23.7% males fall under normal range of nutritional status in APHSR and NNMB surveys respectively. The three degrees of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) are pooled to 27.8 in APHSR and is around 52.4% in NNMB survey, which is almost double. The obesity levels in APHSR study are shown as three times more than that of NNMB survey, as it is 15% and 3% respectively.

 
Income and expenditure

Table below shows some data on income and expenditure. A question on monthly household expenditure on food, health and accommodation was asked to all respondents. Information on household monthly income was also collected. But one needs to be skeptical about the information on the income data in a setting where there is a big informal economy. Most people do not to report accurately on the income data, especially in situations where most of the income is in form of agricultural products and linked to certain seasons. Keeping this in mind we looked at the average household income and the % share expenditure on food, accommodation and health. We looked at both the rural as well as the urban setting and also as a whole.

 

Average household income and expenditure data, AP, 2001
  

Average household expenditure per month Urban Rural All State
Amount % of income Amount % of income Amount % of income
Health 687

15%

709

40%

704

29%

Food 2126

47%

1199

67%

1422

58%

Accommodation 504

11%

112

6%

213

9%

Average household Income 4548

100%

1782

100%

2445

100%

 

Here we see that the monthly average household income in the urban areas is Rs 4548 and in the rural areas is 2445. 15% of the urban and 40% of the rural monthly household income is spent on health every month. 47% of the urban and 67% of the rural monthly household income is spent on food. Similarly, 11% of the urban and 6% of the rural household income is spent on accommodation.

 

The 1993-94 consumer expenditure survey shows that the percentage share of food expenditure in the total expenditure by the Indian population was 63.2% in the rural and 54.7% in the urban areas. The NSS 50th round survey (Nutritional intake in India) showed that the share of food expenditure had dropped by 2.4% in the rural and 10% in the urban areas. Here we do not have information about other expenditures but if we assume that these were the primary expenditures then the % share of food expenditure in total expenditure will be 64% in the urban and 59% in the rural areas. But more detailed information needs to be collected before making any assumptions and analysis. Similarly the NCAR household survey of health care utilisation and expenditure and the NSS 52nd round survey (Morbidity and treatment of ailment) collected a lot of information on health expenditure. But it was not possible to make any comparisons as all the expenditure data was either linked to illness episodes or to hospitalisation.

 

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